What's the difference between at-fault and no-fault accidents?

What happens if you're at fault in a car accident?

When accidents occur in an at-fault state, the insurers of both parties review the details and make a judgment regarding which driver should be held responsible. Depending on the details of the accident, the process of determining who is or is not at fault in an accident can be straightforward or very complicated.

How do you tell who is at fault in a car accident?

To determine who's at fault in an accident, claims adjusters usually talk to witnesses, look at police reports, and review the accounts of the accident from parties involved. Photos of vehicle or property damage can come into play, as well as a specific state's traffic laws.

Who pays for an at-fault accident?

If the situation is clear-cut, or one party admits that they caused the accident, the at-fault driver's auto insurance should pay for any property damage and medical bills, and in some cases compensation for other damages, such as pain and suffering. However, often it's not clear who or what initiated the accident. In these cases, a claims adjuster gets involved to dig deeper into the cause of the accident.

How does an at-fault accident affect insurance?

If you're responsible for an accident, your rate will almost always go up unless your insurer offers some sort of accident forgiveness feature. For example, with Progressive's Large Accident Forgiveness, your rate won't increase in most states if you're at fault in an accident with a claim exceeding $500. Learn more about accident forgiveness and how accidents impact your insurance rate.

What happens if both sides are at fault in an accident?

Sometimes, depending on the individual state's laws, the insurers from both sides may determine that there is shared blame for the accident, known as comparative fault or shared liability. If both sides are somehow deemed at fault for an accident, the state's negligence law will determine the amount of damages awarded to each party for injury or property liability claims.

What happens in a no-fault accident?

Some states have a no-fault system where any injuries suffered in an accident are covered by each driver's own personal injury protection coverage (PIP), rather than the at-fault driver's insurance. If you're involved in a crash in one of these no-fault states, fault may not need to be determined for bodily injury claims. In these states, drivers must purchase car insurance with personal injury protection (PIP) to cover their own injuries in an accident.

Who pays in a no-fault accident?

If there's an accident between two drivers, each party's PIP coverage typically pays for their respective medical bills and/or wage loss up to their policies' limits, no matter who caused the accident.

However, no-fault states may allow drivers who suffer severe injuries to sue the at-fault driver if certain conditions are met. Additionally, the at-fault driver's insurance typically pays for damage to the other driver's vehicle and property, just as they would in an at-fault state. This is why drivers in no-fault accident states are still required to carry liability car insurance coverage.